(1)外文名称: Changchun City
    (2)中文名称: 长春市
    (3)内容:
                      Changchun City

    Situated in the heart of the Songliao plains in Northeast
China, Changchun is the capital city of Jilin Province and the
the province's political, economic, scientific and cultural center. Of its total area of 18,881 sq km, the urban area occupies 134 sq km. It has under its jurisdiction six urban districts of Chaoyang,Kuancheng, Nanguan, Erdao, Luyuan and Shuangcheng, three cities of Jiutai, Yushu and Dehui, and one county of Nong'an. Changchun has a population of 6.673 million, of whom 2.7 million live in the urban areas.
    Changchun is richly endowed with mineral resources, with 39 proven reserves including petroleum, natural gas, coal and
oilshale. Its coal reserve is  estimated at 400 million tons, oilshale reserve at more than 10 billion tons, quality limestone reserve at more than 300 million tons and bentonite at over 200 million tons.
    Changchun, first built in 1800, was occupied by Japanese imperialists after the "September 18 Incident" in 1931.
The city was chosen as the capital of the Japan-installed puppet
"State of Manchuria" and renamed as "Xinjing (the new capital)".
On October 19, 1948, Changchun was liberated by the Chinese
People's Liberation Army and established as a special city. In
1953, Changchun became a city directly under the administration of the central government. Next year it was incorporated into Jilin Province and became the provincial capital. In 1992, it
was designated by the state as an open border city.
    Changchun has a solid industrial basis and an enormous
resource potential. Years of construction efforts have turned
Changchun into an important manufacturing base of communications and transportation equipment in China, with an industrial system consisting of 128 sectors and more than 3,000 varieties of products. In particular, the China No.1 Automotive Corporation, the Changchun Bus Factory and the Changchun Tractor Plant account for one-fifth, one-third and one-tenth of China's total output of automobiles, railway carriages and tractors, respectively. The Audi, Jetta  and Golf cars produced by the China No.1 Automotive Corporation and foreign partners, have become favorite brand names in the Chinese auto market.
    Changchun is also one of China's major producers of maize,
peanuts, rice and sorghum. The counties and cities under its
jurisdiction produce 6.5 billion kg of grain a year, thus ranking Changchun first among China's large and medium-sized cities in terms of total grain output and market ability.
    Changchun boasts of 104 research institutions, 11 key national laboratories and a professional and technical force of 319,000. In 1995, scientific advance contributed 45% of the
economic growth. Besides, Changchun has 32 institutions of higher learning, 586 secondary schools and 1,922 primary schools as well as more than 30 institutions of higher learning for adults. Research and design units and the institutions of higher learning cover more than 300 branches of learning. In particular, the Changchun branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is a leading researcher in the applied optics, photoelectricity, new materials, high polymer chemistry, superconductor and automobile technologies.
    A communications hub in Northeast China, Changchun has
railway and highway links with Liaoning Province, Heilongjiang
Province and the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan triangle. The Changchun International Airport operates periodic chartered flights to Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Russia, in addition
to regular flights to Hong Kong. And a new international airport
is being built. In telecommunications, Changchun has 530,000
telephones and long-distance program controlled telephone and
fax links with nearly 400 cities in China and more than 180
countries and regions. The city can receive microwave and satellite communications. Municipal facilities are constantly improving, which can supply 660,000 tons of water to
the urban areas daily. Pipe water reaches 93% of urban households. The city can supply 600,000 cu m of natural gas daily to 81.6% of households.
    In attracting foreign investment, Changchun places
emphasis on continuously expanding the scale of the development
zones. The Changchun High-Tech Industrial Development zone occupies an area of 20 sq km. It is housing 718 high-tech  enterprises, of which 146 are foreign-funded. The 30-sq km zone is a national one, with 1,038 Chinese and foreign-funded enterprises. The Changchun Automobile Trading Center has been approved to become a national auto wholesale market, occupying an area of 200 sq km. Taking advantage of the resources of the Jingyuetan National Forest Park, a center is being built into a fully functional and highly export-oriented new urban district. Changchun has established stable economic and trade links with 57 countries and regions. At present the city has 1,935 foreign-funded enterprises, with a total foreign investment of 1.7 billion dollars.